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A study of two different strategies for optimizing antibiotic therapy in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with pneumonia found that both provided high rates of appropriateness in empiric antibiotic selection, but one was better at reducing antibiotic overuse, researchers reported today in Open Forum Infectious Diseases. (Dall, 10/30)

New research into the long-term dynamics of transplanted stem cells in a patient's body explains how age affects stem cell survival and immune diversity, offering insights that could make transplants safer and more successful. (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, 10/30)

A new retrospective cohort study conducted in Dubai shows that the antiviral nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir, sold as Paxlovid, is tied to a 61% reduction in COVID-19 hospitalization and a 58% lower rate of long COVID. (Soucheray, 10/29)

In patients with PIK3CA-mutated, hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, inavolisib plus palbociclib–fulvestrant led to significantly longer progression-free survival than placebo plus palbociclib–fulvestrant, with a greater incidence of toxic effects. The percentage of patients who discontinued any trial agent because of adverse events was low. (Turner et al, 10/30)